What is the treatment of organophosphorus poisoning?
What is the treatment of organophosphorus poisoning?
The mainstays of medical therapy in organophosphate (OP) poisoning include atropine, pralidoxime (2-PAM), and benzodiazepines (eg, diazepam). Initial management must focus on adequate use of atropine.
What is the antidote for pesticides?
Atropine is the most important antidote for pesticide poisoning, being effective in OP and carbamate poisoning (Eddleston et al., 2008; Freeman and Epstein, 1955).
How do you give atropine to OP poisoning?
Their regimen of 0.02—0.08 mg/kg atropine as an infusion over 1 hour would provide a maximum of 5.6 mg atropine in a 70 kg person. Stopping atropine therapy ’24 hours after atropinization’ may cause problems with the continued release of fat-soluble OPs, such as fenthion, from the fat depot.
Which drug is used in organophosphate and carbamate poisoning?
An infusion can be used after the bolus (8 mg/kg/h in adults; 10 to 20 mg/kg/h in children). Benzodiazepines are used for seizures. Prophylactic diazepam may help prevent neurocognitive sequelae after moderate to severe organophosphate poisoning.
Which of the following compounds is antidote?
An antidote is a substance that can counteract a form of poisoning. The term ultimately derives from the Greek term φάρμακον ἀντίδοτον (pharmakon) antidoton, “(medicine) given as a remedy”….List of antidotes.
| Agent | Indication |
|---|---|
| N-acetylcysteine | Paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning |
| Octreotide | Oral hypoglycemic agents |
Which one the following compound is used as antidote?
Introduction
| Poison | Antidote |
|---|---|
| Fluoride (acute) and hydrofluoric acid | Calcium borogluconate |
| Heparin | Protamine sulfate |
| Iron | Deferoxamine |
| Lead | Calcium disodium EDTA OR Calcium disodium EDTA + dimercaprol OR Meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (Succimer) OR d-Penicillamine |
How is atropine given in organophosphorus poisoning?
Atropine is administered intravenously to restore adequate cardiorespiratory function rapidly – a process often termed ‘atropinzation’. It is used to reverse bradycardia and improve systolic blood pressure to greater than 80 mmHg.
What is the treatment of atropine toxicity?
Specific treatment Give physostigmine salicylate, 0.5–1 mg intravenously slowly over 5 minutes, with ECG monitoring. Repeat as needed to total dose of no more than 2 mg.
What are carbamate insecticides?
Carbamates are used as sprays or baits to kill insects by affecting their brains and nervous systems. They are used on crops and in the home to kill cockroaches, ants, fleas, crickets, aphids, scale, whitefly, lace bugs and mealy bugs. Some carbamates control mosquitoes.
How is carbamate poisoning treated?
The medical management of carbamate poisoning consists of supportive measures and specific antidotal treatment, that is, the anticholinergic compound atropine.