What is the reservoir of mumps?

Humans are the sole reservoir for the mumps virus. The transmission mode is person to person via respiratory droplets and saliva, direct contact, or fomites.

Where did measles come from?

The first case of measles is believed to have appeared in the Middle East due to the close proximity and large amounts of time cattle herders spent with their cattle. Measles is a highly contagious viral infection that can cause a rash, fever, and cough.

What is the portal of exit for measles?

Measles is a highly contagious virus that lives in the nose and throat mucus of an infected person. It can spread to others through coughing and sneezing. If other people breathe the contaminated air or touch the infected surface, then touch their eyes, noses, or mouths, they can become infected.

Does measles have an animal reservoir?

Measles is a human disease. There is no known animal reservoir, and an asymptomatic carrier state has not been documented.

Which disease is caused by variola virus?

Before smallpox was eradicated, it was a serious infectious disease caused by the variola virus. It was contagious—meaning, it spread from one person to another. People who had smallpox had a fever and a distinctive, progressive skin rash.

Where did chicken pox come from?

The first chickenpox viruses probably emerged 70m years ago, around the time dinosaurs went extinct, and infected our distant ancestors – probably small furry mammals that lived in family groups in trees. Since that time, chickenpox viruses have evolved with us.

What is a reservoir of infection?

The reservoir of an infectious agent is the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies. Reservoirs include humans, animals, and the environment.

What countries are affected by measles?

Other countries reporting large increases included Brazil, Nigeria, Israel, Ukraine, Madagascar, India, and the Philippines. However, the largest and most fatal outbreak of measles in 2019 occurred in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.