Who invented self-healing materials?

Henk Jonkers
Self healing concrete was invented by Henk Jonkers, a microbiologist and professor at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. Jonkers began developing self healing concrete in 2006. After three years of experimenting, he found the perfect healing agent – bacillus.

Who invented self-healing polymers?

Mao et al.
By taking the l-PCL network as a viscoelastic model and the n-PCL network as a viscoplastic model, a thermodynamic model based on the viscoelastic properties of the polymer and the monomer diffusion which drove self-healing was developed by Mao et al. [22].

Why was self-healing polymer created?

Emerging self-healing technologies designed to give polymeric materials the capability to arrest crack propagation at an early stage thereby preventing catastrophic failures will go a long way in helping to increase the scope of applications of these materials.

How are self-healing materials made?

Self-healing of cementitious materials can be achieved through the reaction of certain chemical agents. Two main strategies exist for housing these agents, namely capsules and vascular tubes. These capsules and vascular tubes, once ruptured, release these agents and heal the crack damage.

When was self-healing fabric invented?

The first self-healing materials were polymers (plastics made from long, repeating molecules) with a kind of embedded internal adhesive, reported in 2001 by Scott White, Nancy Sottos, and colleagues from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

What are examples of self-healing materials?

Modern self-healing materials include glass, rubber, plastic and metals. Such materials may heal micro-stresses such as small cracks. This can greatly improve the lifespan of the material. It is also possible for materials to self-heal larger damage such as a visible crack in a smart phone screen.

How were self-healing polymers made?

When a crack runs through the cured material, it breaks open the micro- capsules. Capillary action draws the monomer into the crack where it is exposed to the catalyst and thus polymerises. The polymerised material binds the two faces of the crack together. The material thus heals itself in response to damage.

What is self-healing in Kubernetes?

Self-healing is a feature provided by the Kubernetes open-source system. If a containerized app or an application component fails or goes down, Kubernetes re-deploys it to retain the desired state. Kubernetes provides self-healing by default.

Why are self-healing materials important?

The key potential benefits of self-healing materials are as follows: Minimizing the production cost of various industrial processes required for repairing damage. Prolonging the service life of the materials. Reducing the inefficiency of the materials due to degradation.

Which material can heal itself?

Called bipyrazole organic crystals, the piezoelectric molecules self-heal in milliseconds. NEW DELHI: Scientists have developed piezoelectric molecular crystals that repair their own mechanical damage without the need for any external intervention, the Department of Science and Technology (DST) said on Saturday.

How does TPU self heal?

When the matrixes are damaged, those microcontainers will be broken and then release the healing agent into the crack. Normally, the healing agent would polymerize or cross-link in the presence of catalyst to achieve self-healing.

Where are self-healing materials used?

Self-healing materials are used in the autonomic repair of composites to restore functionalities and structural properties. This is one step closer to improving the life of a material without human intervention. Self-healing polymer composites have displayed enormous improvements in healing efficiencies.

What is self-healing materials?

Self-Healing Materials: Principles and Technology is a practical book aimed at giving engineers and researchers in both industry and academia the information they need to deploy self-healing technology in a wide range of potential applications—from adhesives to the automotive industry, and from electronics to biomedical implants.

What affects the rate of crack healing in self-healing materials?

with respect to self-healing materials in the following sections. and pressure following contact with the healing fluid. In frac- factors affect the rate of crack healing. Chain-end distributions bulk. using lower surface tension moieties on the chain ends. Spatial tially migrate to the surface.

Why biomass based self-healing polymer materials?

The structures and properties of biomass based self-healing polymer materials are of great significance for their processing, recycling and self-healing.

Can materials self-heal from fracture and fatigue?

The ability of materials to self-heal from mechanical and thermally induced damage is explored in this paper and has significance in the field of fracture and fatigue. The history and evolution of several self-repair systems is examined including nano-beam healing elements, passive self-healing, autonomic self-healing and ballistic self-repair.