What is obstructive uropathy?

Obstructive uropathy is a condition in which the flow of urine is blocked. This causes the urine to back up and injure one or both kidneys.

What are obstructive urinary symptoms?

Symptoms of a blocked ureter or urinary tract obstruction include: Pain in your abdomen, lower back or sides below your ribs (flank pain). Fever, nausea or vomiting. Difficulty urinating or emptying your bladder.

What is the most common cause of severe obstructive uropathy in children?

Obstructive uropathy may be caused by: Bladder stones. Blood clots. Cancer (especially bladder, cervical, uterine and colon cancer)

What causes obstructive nephropathy?

Obstructive nephropathy, also know as uropathy, refers to the syndrome caused by urinary tract obstruction, either functional or anatomic. It includes urinary tract dilatation, impedance and the resulting slowing of urine flow, change in the pressure inside the kidney tubular system and impaired kidney function.

How is obstructive uropathy diagnosed?

The diagnosis of obstructive uropathy usually requires the presence of hydronephrosis, hydroureter, and/or bladder distention. Ultrasound is the imaging study of choice to determine if obstructive uropathy is present.

Why is obstructive uropathy usually unilateral?

Unilateral obstructive uropathy usually occurs when ureteral or kidney stones block the flow of urine. Urine backs up and causes kidney swelling (hydronephrosis).

What causes obstruction of urinary tract?

In summary, urinary obstruction is most often due to a stone or an enlarged area of normal or malignant tissue. The obstruction can be temporarily relieved by some form of catheter drainage, but surgery is often needed to permanently relieve it.

How does BPH cause hydronephrosis?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): Enlargement of the prostate gland in men can cause pressure on the urethra, the tube that urine passes through before it leaves the body. Having blood clots: Blood clots can develop in the kidney or ureter.

What is obstructive nephropathy?

Obstructive nephropathy is renal dysfunction (renal insufficiency, renal failure, or tubulointerstitial damage) resulting from urinary tract obstruction.

How does obstructive uropathy cause hypertension?

A distended bladder or the presence of a flank or abdominal mass on physical examination is suggestive of obstruction. Hypertension can occur in obstructive uropathy due to volume expansion and activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system. …

Is obstructive uropathy unilateral or bilateral?

Obstructive uropathy is usually unilateral but if it is bilateral, it may lead to anuria. In the first acute phase of obstruction (1-2 first hours), the only difference between unilateral and bilateral obstruction is between the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the renal blood flow (RBF) [2].

Why does GFR decrease during obstruction?

Following ureteral obstruction there is a progressive fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) due to a reduction in single nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) and a reduced number of filtering nephrons.

Obstructive uropathy is the structural or functional impairment of the flow of urine; may complicate renal function to cause obstructive nephropathy. 1. OBSTRUCTIVE UROPATHY 30th July 2014 Dr. P. Musau MBChB, MMed (Surg), MSc (Urol)

What is urinary obstruction 4 4th grade?

4. 1.DEFINITION OBSTRUCTIVE UROPATHY: The structural or functional disorder leading to impaired urinary flow. The obstruction may be in the upper or lower urinary tracts and will have corresponding signs and symptoms based on the site, degree of obstruction and duration. 5.

What are the issues in patient management of ureteric outlet obstruction?

Issues in Patient Management • Hypertension • Can be caused by ureteral obstruction • Especially BUO or obstruction of a solitary kidney • Less common with UUO • Volume-mediated • Increased ANP with obstruction which normalizes after drainage • Decreased plasma renin activity 29 30.

What are the treatment options for lower urinary tract obstruction?

Surgical Therapy • Lower urinary tract obstruction (bladder, urethra) can be relieved with the following: • Urethral catheter – A urethral catheter (size 8F-24F) is a flexible external catheter that extends from the bladder through the urethra.