Does Turner syndrome cause intellectual disability?

Intelligence is usually normal in females with Turner syndrome. However, affected females may develop learning disabilities, especially difficulties with visual-spatial relationships.

Is Turner syndrome genetic?

Most cases of Turner syndrome are not inherited. When this condition results from monosomy X , the chromosomal abnormality occurs as a random event during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs and sperm) in the affected person’s parent.

What is the genetic constitution of an individual with Turner’s syndrome?

In genetic terms, Turner syndrome is common: one-tenth of all spontaneously aborted fetuses have a 45,X chromosome constitution, and only 3 percent of affected fetuses survive to term.

Can Turner syndrome cause learning disabilities?

Although not associated with mental retardation, there is an increased risk of learning difficulties in this population. In particular, mathematical learning difficulties among girls with Turner syndrome are prevalent, significant, and persistent.

Can you have Turner syndrome and autism?

Individuals with Turner syndrome often display social difficulties that are reminiscent of those associated with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), conditions associated with empathy and mirror-neuron system (MNS) deficits.

Can Turner syndrome be passed onto offspring?

Turner syndrome is not usually inherited in families. Turner syndrome occurs when one of the two X chromosomes normally found in women is missing or incomplete. Although the exact cause of Turner syndrome is not known, it appears to occur as a result of a random error during the formation of either the eggs or sperm.

Who carries the Turner syndrome gene?

Males inherit the X chromosome from their mothers and the Y chromosome from their fathers. Females inherit one X chromosome from each parent. In females who have Turner syndrome, one copy of the X chromosome is missing, partially missing or changed.

Is Turner syndrome a dominant or recessive disorder?

Turner syndrome only occurs in females. Noonan syndrome, sometimes inappropriately called male Turner syndrome, can occur in males or females. It is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder and is not a chromosomal disorder.

Does Turner syndrome affect cognitive development?

Females with Turner syndrome (TS) often demonstrate a unique cognitive profile characterized by relative strengths in verbal domains and weaknesses in visual-spatial and executive areas. Several studies also suggest that girls with TS are at risk for social cognitive and emotion processing difficulties.