What is PGC 1 alpha gene?

PGC-1α is a transcriptional coactivator that regulates the genes involved in energy metabolism. It is the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis. This protein interacts with the nuclear receptor PPAR-γ, which permits the interaction of this protein with multiple transcription factors.

What activates PGC 1 alpha?

During fasting, the expression of PGC-1α is activated by glucagon and catecholamines via the stimulation of the cAMP pathway and the CREB transcription factor. PGC-1α then coactivates a variety of transcription factors such as hepatic nuclear factor-4α, glucocorticoid receptor, and forkhead box O1 (FOXO1).

Is PGC-1α a protein?

PGC-1α is a key transcription coactivator regulating energy metabolism in a tissue-specific manner. PGC-1α expression is tightly regulated, it is a highly labile protein, and it interacts with various proteins—the known attributes of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs).

Is PGC 1a a transcription factor?

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator (PGC-1a) activates nuclear transcription factors (NTFs) leading to transcription of nuclear- encoded proteins and of the mitochondrial transcription factor Tfam. Tfam activates transcrip- tion and replication of the mitochondrial genome.

What triggers mitochondrial biogenesis?

Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which cells increase mitochondrial numbers. Mitochondrial biogenesis is activated by numerous different signals during times of cellular stress or in response to environmental stimuli, such as aerobic exercise.

How do I increase my PGC 1alpha?

Two hours of daily swim training for 4 weeks led to increases in mitochondrial marker proteins and PGC-1α mRNA expression in epididymal and retroperitoneal fat depots. Additionally, a single 2 h bout of exercise led to increases in PGC-1α mRNA expression immediately following exercise cessation.

What is the function of PGC?

PGC-1α is the master transcription regulator that stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, by upregulating nuclear respiratory factors (NRF-1, 2) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam), which leads to increased mitochondrial DNA replication and gene transcription.

What is the role of PGC-1α in mitochondrial biogenesis and how does it work?

In particular, PGC-1α regulates transcription of the gene coding mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), a gene required for mitochondrial biogenesis, which mirrors the changing levels of mtDNA in the cell and plays a crucial role in mtDNA maintenance22.

Is mitochondrial biogenesis good or bad?

Mitochondrial biogenesis helps the cell to renew the mitochondrial network and, consequently, to improve mitochondrial function, slowing down the cascade of damage caused by mitochondrial dysfunction (one of the nine hallmarks of aging).

What role does PGC 1alpha play in skeletal muscle adaptations to endurance exercise?

Numerous findings support the view that PGC-1α mediates and coordinates gene regulation during skeletal muscle adaptation. They interpreted the findings as if PGC-1α is not mandatory for exercise-induced adaptive gene expression in skeletal muscle.

What is the role of PGC?