Users' questions

How can chemo extravasation be prevented?

How can chemo extravasation be prevented?

Appropriate vascular access. Consideration of the appropriate vascular access is crucial for the prevention of chemotherapy extravasation. Chemotherapy infusion can be either through a central venous access or through an adequate peripheral vein.

How can IV extravasation be prevented?

Preventing extravasation

  1. Know your hospital’s policy about the use of antidotes for vesicants.
  2. Make sure you know the antidote and other recommended treatment for the vesicant drug you’re giving.
  3. Ensure that the drug has been properly diluted before injection or infusion.

What precautions should be taken when the client is receiving vesicant?

Some precautionary steps to prevent extravasation should be taken.

  • Administration of vesicant agents should be carried out through a central line whenever possible, especially if continuous infusion is required (AIII).
  • Avoid joints and limbs with impaired arterial, venous, or lymphatic circulation.

What should be done in case of extravasation of vesicant?

Treatment of a vesicant extravasation includes immediate cessation of infusion, aspiration of as much extravasated drug as possible through the still-intact catheter, and attempts for the aspiration of the extravasated agent in the surrounding tissue. This aspiration may help to limit the extent of tissue damage.

Is Zofran a vesicant?

Examples of non-vesicant solutions and medications include: Lactated ringers. Many antibiotics. Solumedrol (steroid) Ondansetron (Zofran) – anti-nausea drug.

What should be applied to an anthracycline extravasation?

Preclinical and clinical studies are leading to the clinical implementation of dexrazoxane as the first and only proven antidote in anthracycline extravasation. In two multicenter studies dexrazoxane has proven to be highly effective in preventing skin necrosis and ulceration.

What is the best method of extravasation prevention?

Elevate the affected arm. Apply either ice packs or warm compresses to the affected area, depending on the type of vesicant. For most extravasations, apply ice for 20 minutes four to six times a day for 24 to 48 hours.

What is the safest way to administer vesicant chemotherapy?

Prevention is key, as there are no viable or reliable treatments for most vesicant extravasations. The Infusion Nurse Society Standards of Practice mandate that continuous vesicant infusions should be administered through a central venous catheter.

How do you deal with extravasation?

If extravasation occurs, the injection should be stopped immediately and the IV tubing disconnected. Avoid applying pressure to the site, and do not flush the line. Leave the original catheter in place, and attempt to aspirate as much of the infiltrated drug as possible.

Is vancomycin a vesicant or irritant?

Vancomycin is acidic (pH 2.5–4.0) and hyperosmolar (328 mOsm/L), which may make it a vesicant when administered through a peripheral line. Bohm and Wong describe bullous dermatitis as a result of vancomycin extravasation.

Is doxycycline a vesicant?

Of the remaining 14 indeterminate vesicants, another 8 met our first inclusion criteria (aminophylline, amphotericin, ampicillin, doxycycline, lorazepam, metronidazole, penicillin, and valproate).

Is lactated ringers a vesicant?

Examples of non-vesicant solutions and medications include: Lactated ringers.