What causes primary Photosensitization?

Primary photosensitization occurs when the photodynamic agent is either ingested, injected, or absorbed through the skin. The agent enters the systemic circulation in its native form, where it results in skin cell membrane damage after the animal is exposed to ultraviolet light.

How is Photosensitisation treated?

Secondary photosensitisation occurs as a result of liver damage. Prompt treatment by removing stock from the source of the toxin, keeping them out of direct sunlight and providing nursing care will normally result in recovery.

What are the types of Photosensitization?

Three types of photosensitization occur: primary, secondary or hepatogenous, and aberrant. Primary photosensitization is related to plant pigments or drugs such as phenothiazine, sulfonamides, or tetracyclines.

What is the role of Photosensitization in modern medicine?

The photosensitization consists of the formation of metachromatic complexes with lipopolysaccharides that can be photoactivated by visible light illumination to cause oxygen ion release. The oxygen ions are specifically toxic to a vital structural component of the target bacterial cells.

What is Photosensitization reaction?

photosensitization, the process of initiating a reaction through the use of a substance capable of absorbing light and transferring the energy to the desired reactants. In colliding with ethylene molecules, the mercury atoms transfer the energy and are in turn deactivated to their initial energy state.

How is cattle Photosensitization treated?

It is crucial to get the animal out of the sunlight and off the feed that caused the problem, and to treat any inflammation or infection secondary to the photosensitization. “You can put these animals in a barn and let them graze at night,” says Casteel.

What is equine Photosensitization?

Photosensitization is a condition in which skin becomes overly sensitive to ultraviolet light (sunlight). This condition is not sunburn, although the difference can be difficult to distinguish.

What do you mean by Photosensitization?

Photosensitization is when the skin becomes abnormally sensitive to sunlight or ultraviolet radiation and tans very rapidly.

What is Photosensitization example?

For example, Malachite Green is marketed as a photosensitizer that produces biological effects via hydroxyl radicals. In the Type II reaction, the transfer of energy from the photosensitizer to oxygen produces an excited singlet state of oxygen, appropriately called singlet oxygen.

Which of the following is an example of Photosensitization?

Examples of second-generation photosensitizers are phthalocyanines, chlorins, and benzoporphyrins (Allison et al., 2004; Bazylińska et al., 2012).